Last modified: 2020-02-27
Abstract
Women entrepreneurship is very important concepts for development of rural areas. Rural Entrepreneurship can create new economic opportunities for rural women and contribute to overall growth and poverty. It also provides a great opportunity for the development of rural or people who migrate to urban areas. There is a substantial contribution of rural women entrepreneurs in developing rural areas but the development of women entrepreneurship in rural areas is very low because the rural women are facing more challenges and problems. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the issues and to highlight the position of women rural entrepreneurs in Turkey. More than 60% of women and men in employment are regular or casual employees and men’s rate as unpaid family workers is 12% while that of women is 28%. The rate of men who do not work with anyone and take part in employment as self-employed and employer is 25.7% while this rate of women is as low as 9.6%. That is to say, while 1/10 women participate in employment as an entrepreneur, 1/4 of men are included in employment as an entrepreneur. In recent years, female entrepreneurship has been supported through governmental incentives and entrepreneurship credits besides microcrediting because women’s rate in entrepreneurship is lower than men’s rate. The number of women who have become an entrepreneur only through microcrediting in recent years is more than 200,000. To support women entrepreneurs and young farmers in Turkey projects, programs and studies are being carried on. In 2016, Republic of Turkey Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock put into practice projects supporting young farmers within the scope of employment of young population in rural areas. 14.970 young farmers between the ages 18-40 of which 74% women had the right to receive a grant in 2016. It is foreseen that this program along with micro finance will continue with high interest from women farmers in next years. Considering the position of women in society it is difficult for women to take part in society as an entrepreneur. In addition to formal education, focusing on women's education through non-formal education, credit and grants for entrepreneurship support should be increased.